Záznam přidán/aktualizován: 3. ledna 2021 v 12.02 hod.
Nezaměstnanost a volná pracovní místa
Unemployment and Job Creation
Andrea Čížků
Politická ekonomie 2020, 68(6):607-629 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1297
Unemployment and Job Creation The aim of the paper is to formulate, estimate econometrically and analyse an empirically oriented labour market model in which a job creation process is described as determined by aggregate output demand. The model is estimated econometrically for Spain and the United Kingdom before and after the current economic crisis. Spain represents less developed countries in southern Europe while the United Kingdom is used as a representative of advanced European economies. The goal of the subsequent model analysis is (1) to investigate the strength of the aggregate demand transmission mechanism in these two different European...
Aplikace Taylorova pravidla na měnovou politiku ČNB
Application of the Taylor Rule to CNB Monetary Policy
František Táborský
Politická ekonomie 2020, 68(6):630-649 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1296
This paper tests the usability of the Taylor rule under the conditions of the Czech economy using a single-equation error correction model in the period from 2000 to the second quarter of 2019 and finds key variables for the CNB's monetary policy setting. Other important monetary policy rules and their effect on the optimal monetary policy setting are also discussed. The starting point of the empirical part is a summary of the current monetary policy of the CNB and an analysis of its decision model. Since 2008, the new DSGE model g3 replaced the previous QPM model. At the end of the theoretical part, foreign experience and various approaches to the...
Národní úspory a analýza relativní přespořenosti či podspořenosti ekonomik
National Saving and Analysis of Relatively Oversaving or Undersaving of Economies
Jiří Pour
Politická ekonomie 2020, 68(6):650-678 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1301
This paper builds a simple framework for analysing over- or undersaving of economies in the context of external economic imbalances. Macroeconomic determinants of optimal household and corporate saving, based on microeconomic theory, are used as explanatory variables in a benchmark panel regression model. Among other things, the model shows chronic oversaving of China and other Asian economies (Korea, Japan), and undersaving of the USA and the United Kingdom. Czechia and the other V4 countries showed no significant deviation from the model, nor did Germany or France.
Účinnost rodinné politiky v České republice
Effectiveness of Family Policy in the Czech Republic
Lucie Kábelová, Markéta Arltová
Politická ekonomie 2020, 68(6):679-694 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1299
The objective of this study is to estimate effects of tax family benefits, social family benefits, availability of kindergartens and economic situation on fertility in the Czech Republic. The data cover the period 1993-2018 and come from the Czech Statistical Office and Czech legislation. The relationship between the variables and the total fertility rate as the dependent variable was analysed using regression analysis. The results show that fertility is positively affected by the supply of kindergartens and social family benefits. On the other hand, higher unemployment as an indicator of unfavourable economic situation decreases fertility. The effect...
Vplyv fiškálnych pravidiel na úroveň ekonomického rastu v monetárnych úniách
Impact of Fiscal Rules on Level of Economic Growth in Monetary Unions
Matej Boór
Politická ekonomie 2020, 68(6):695-724 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1300
The present paper deals with the impact of supranational fiscal rules on economic growth through optimal government size and the BARS curve in monetary unions. Monetary unions introduce supranational fiscal rules to ensure fiscal sustainability of public finance and to eliminate the presence of free-riders in these country groupings. The main objective of the paper is therefore to illustrate how compliance with the supranational fiscal rules affects the level of economic growth under the conditions of the existence of the BARS curve in monetary unions. The paper confirms the existence of the BARS curve. It makes a quantification of the optimal government...