Záznam přidán/aktualizován: 11. března 2022 v 09.50 hod.
Analysis of the Status Quo Behavioural Concept During the Global Economic Crisis
Anton Vaskovskyi
Prague Economic Papers 2021, 30(2):133-155 | DOI: 10.18267/j.pep.751
The objective of this paper is to examine one of the essential behavioural concepts - the 'status quo bias' - on the available macroeconomic data. The recent global economic crisis has provided a valuable opportunity for analysing the concept and ensured that relevant and sufficient inputs for such academic research are available. Specifically, to study the 'status quo bias', this paper studies the relation between consumption and income before and after the 2008 economic crisis in a selected country. As such, this study attempts to provide answers to such questions as: How strongly is consumption dependent on income prior to and after the crisis?...
Problems with Long-term Financial Sustainability of Export Credit Agencies
Mikuláš Pýcha
Prague Economic Papers 2021, 30(2):156-170 | DOI: 10.18267/j.pep.762
This paper focuses on national support for export and examines whether, following the OECD arrangement, long-term financial sustainability is assured without sustained fiscal help. Rules on permitted state support in this area are stated by the OECD Consensus, which is meant to guarantee a level playing field for all exporters, to encourage competition among exporters based on the quality and prices of goods, and at the same time, not distort the free market. The main objective is that every export credit agency (ECA) should be self-sustainable with no need for state subsidies. However, this may not be achieved. This research proves inadequacy of minimum...
Self-employment: Influence of Tax Incentives and Income Underreporting
Adam Adamczyk
Prague Economic Papers 2021, 30(2):171-188 | DOI: 10.18267/j.pep.766
The aim of the article is to answer the question whether the tax benefits that can be obtained by the self-employed in Poland influence the decision to start their own business. In the study, the EUROMOD microsimulation model is used to determine tax benefits from self-employment. The estimated tax benefits are then used in a probit regression to explain the probability of self-employment. The survey is carried out for both original EU-SILC data and adjusted data, assuming that the income reported by the self-employed is underreported. The results of the survey based on the original data indicate that taxpayers make irrational decisions about taking...
Elasticity of Substitution, Price Effect and Sustainable Fertilizer Use: A Translog and SUR Analysis in China
Yipu Pang, Jingqi Dang, Wei Xu
Prague Economic Papers 2021, 30(2):189-215 | DOI: 10.18267/j.pep.764
Fertilizer has brought great pressure to sustainable ecological environment. Research on the effect of price on fertilizer use as well as the substitution relationship of fertilizer and other input factors of agricultural production is of great importance for green, efficient, and intensive agricultural production in the world. This study first constructs translog cost functions and models of elasticity, then uses the factor input and price data from 2004 to 2016 to measure the price elasticity of fertilizer demand, and the elasticity of factor substitution in China's maize and cabbage production. The results suggest that: the price elasticity of fertilizer...
Do FDI and Patents Drive Sophistication of Exports? A Panel Data Approach
Seren Ozsoy, Burcu Fazlioglu, Sinan Esen
Prague Economic Papers 2021, 30(2):216-244 | DOI: 10.18267/j.pep.755
This paper investigates whether inflows of FDI and innovative activities act as a channel of knowledge spillovers in improving quality of countries' output. In measuring export quality, sophistication of a country's export basket is utilized. Utilizing panel data of countries for the period 2002-2015 and applying GMM methodology, the results indicate that the level of financial development, the quality of human capital and globalization of a country have a determinant role on the relation between knowledge spillover channels and the quality of exports. Patent applications generally positively affect sophistication of exports. FDI serves as a channel...
Book reviews
Critical Literature Review on Tax Avoidance
Petr Procházka
Prague Economic Papers 2021, 30(2):245-250 | DOI: 10.18267/j.pep.772